THERE has been some debate on this site as to the meaning of Democracy, and dictionary definitions have been quoted, etc.
This is a look at the broader picture and the way it has changed over the centuries, especially since the advent of Party politics. Despite all our learning and technical advancements, I do not think we are better off now than two and a half thousand years ago when the system was first proposed by Democritus.
At the time that it was espoused as an ideal system of governance for the small states of Greece, and later Rome, whereby the people ruled themselves. ‘The characterisation of the ‘City-states’ was that all citizens could assemble at regular intervals for legislative and other purposes.’ In Athens this was known as the ‘Ecclesia’, at Sparta as the ‘Apella’ and in Rome as the ‘Comitia Centuriata’ or ‘Concilium Plebis’. In the modern sense of the word, in Ancient Greece there was no similarity.
Today, the theory belies the actuality. It has become a tool in the hands of the power brokers and a meaningless disguise for many nefarious and unsocial activities.
The meaning has been whittled down to such an extent that it is not much more than a right to vote — usually for a chosen scion of some major political party.
These are the people who have clawed their way up the political ladder and into power, not by the people’s choice, but by the back door of party politics, the Caucasus or the Unions being the most popular ways.
Under this system, supporting the Party becomes more important than doing one’s duty to the electorate, which then becomes a mere lip-service. Individual dissent within a party is firmly quashed, and members are expected to toe the party line. Oaths of Allegiance are to the institutions, rather than to the ideals or the populace at large, and thus, the very system they are supposed to represent, is swept under the carpet. Once ordained, the party faithful are presented to the public for election — as their representatives!
This is followed by the all the hype and propaganda that money can buy to distort the truth, discredit opposition and persuade the public along the party path. This generally ensures that either two or three main contestants emerge — usually those with the highest budgets. The voice of the individual, that was supposed to be the central pillar of this system, is no longer even a whisper.
Once elected, leaders are generally of the opinion that that gives them a free ticket to personal power and the right to do as they please. From then onwards, the struggle is to maintain their position and stay in power. That was not the idea of Democritus. Under Democritus, there were no such things as political parties.
Idealism demands of our leaders some sort of personal probity, which unfortunately, appears to be sadly lacking. Democracy does not support cronyism, corruption and the appropriation of the public purse, nor does it allow for the influence of corporate money in affairs of State.
Touch of God
Under the present interpretation, Democracy has deteriorated into being a mere label stuck on anything that a politician sees as a ticket to power. People who mouth the words are mostly using this label, not the meaning. A useful prop to achieve a political objective. They also try to invest the idea with a certain amount of sanctity, which is designed to allay criticism and give an edge to the proponents. A touch of God being on their side. A useful alliance.
But it can be a very dangerous game to amount an attack or criticise those in authority. At the lowest level it can incur censure, and depending how dangerous the challenge is perceived, it works up the scale from threats, imprisonment, torture to even death. The world is full of martyrs for the cause, including some of the greatest names in human history.
However, this has recently taken a new turn, and not only do rulers, religious leaders and politicians use these methods, but the practice has now been adopted by corporate business in defence of their position and assets. Through Corporate Law, (Largely written by corporate lawyers) companies have assumed the right of a person and are using this in legal challenges against real people. The rights of the individual have been so consistently eroded by these legal methods, that in certain parts of the world it has now been deemed necessary to protect them by law. Under a true Democracy, this would be unnecessary. But it’s battle stations. In general, the cards are not stacked in favour of the individual.
Democracy has its weaknesses. When originally mooted, Greece was divided into small states and towns, and here it was more appropriate. As communities grew, it became less and less apposite and more difficult to administer. In the Kibbutz system in Israel, it was found that once membership increased above 200, the system started to break down. In the United Nations and the EEC, experience shows that the larger the membership, the less chance there is of reaching a consensus of opinion, and the whole process stultifies, especially when the representatives are pushing their own country’s agenda ahead of the world’s or the system in which they agreed to participate.
Because Democracy is largely a Western system, there is a current belief that it is superior to many of the Eastern systems, and consequently Western leaders propel this idea into those areas. In so doing, it is often the individuals who suffer in the ensuing power struggles. However, our own track record is not very great, and I’m sure Democritus would turn in his grave if he could realise how his ideas and ideals have been distorted, and the modern interpretation and manner in which they are being used.
But he is not alone in this lament. There are many different systems proposed for the better governance of the world. They range from Communism on the one hand to Capitalism on the other. In theory both are ideal, and are designed to yield great benefits to the people, but in practice, they both have this major inbuilt flaw. They need an ideal society and ideal leaders to succeed.
Civilization still has a very long way to go.
And, while I’m in the pulpit:
‘The only thing I know about money matters is that money matters.’ — Marilyn Monroe.
One of the great advances in civilization was the invention of money. At the time, it replaced barter and the necessity of trundling large quantities of goods around hoping that somebody had something you wanted in exchange for what you had to offer.
Probably the first bit of lateral thinking in the world. Invent a token, and then exchange that for whatever you wanted. That was how it was supposed to operate, but with the advance of civilization, largely due to this great invention, an inversion has taken place, whereby the subject has now become the object. It is now about the money itself, and it is rarely seen as only a method of exchange, and that at the lowest level. In swapping goods for money, it is the accumulation of this object that has become the all important factor.
Money is now a universal yardstick.
Commerce was born. It has since taken on the aura of a God and has large shrines built to it in the form of banks and treasuries and stock exchanges, and now totally dominates our life and way of thinking. Economics have arrived and accountants grow rich in its shadow. Whole nations are thrown into chaos, if not the whole world, by the collapse of a Stock Exchange.
Recently, in law, it has been given a status above that of its own creators, and human actions and discomfort are now considered less important than the power, the size of the stack and the ability to create more of this symbol. Truly, it is an all-powerful God! Devotees are measured by the amount of these tokens that they have managed to accumulate, and status is definitely a reflection of this. Bill Gates is at one end of the spectrum and the billions of starving are at the other. Citizens have no clout at all when faced up against the power of a heap of little green pieces of paper, and woe betide anyone whose actions can be adjudged to be impeding the acquisition of these symbols. They are of far more importance than mere mortals.
Yet they have no conscience. They do not possess morals, you can’t eat them or do anything really practical with them, yet they nevertheless have the power to corrupt. They are not a symbol of intrinsic value or worth, and mostly they are highly destructive in their nature. Virtually all the evils of the world can be traced back to them in some way and the higher the heap, the more influence for evil that it has. It has insinuated itself into the very nature of humanity. Not so much the money itself, but the awe and esteem in which it is held and the ability of some individuals to acquire it. Holy words. A windfall — a big deal — a killing — a big win — a bull market — megabucks — money talks — rags to riches — the economy — millionaires and plutocrats — Bingo!
It can be argued, of course, that it is not the money that is corrupt, but the people who desire it. But I think it is a disease of the mind, fostered by our insidious belief that progress and value can be measured in terms of what we own. It was Oscar Wilde who in a moment of insight, described someone as ‘knowing the price of everything and the value of nothing.’
It is an epitaph for the world.
Barnaby Drake: To some, he is really quite a nice guy, but he admits, he has one major fault — he just loves the environment. In the state of the chainsaw, despite denials, he has been unable to hide the fact from his critics that he is a bright green alien. A non-democratic dictator with a little bristling black moustache. He is ignorant because he is not a real ‘home grown Tasmanian’ and does not seek the real truth in the pubs and at Democratic quiz nights. He is a blow-in from the Old Empire, a dangerous subversive, a public enemy out to destroy our beloved and incorruptible statesmen. (Distant howls of werewolves.) He is, in short — dare we say it — a POM!
nudger
June 19, 2005 at 14:54
Oy, Barnaby, we haven’t finished the other debate yet and you want to start another one.
I see from the re-phrased bio you have been wounded just a tad. Tough.
He who giveth will receiveth.
And the invitation still exists. If you don’t like it here, piss off.
You’ll find Tasmania got on beautifully without you for a very long time while you were off tantalising the Raj with your peculiar view of the world, or challenging the great unwashed of that tiny, insignificant island of the coast of France.
Our, tiny but significant island welcomes healthy debate, but not that which sinks to personal insult at the first instance.
That might have worked in Harold Wilson’s England, or Arthur Scargill’s or the Baroness’s, maybe even Tony Blair’s.
But we love out little Hare Clark system, it produces the most amazing, democratic results. It gave us Australia’s first Green Government, remember.
You go on writing your deep and meaninful essays on the contrary state of the planet but don’t think just because you’re from the old Empire that we will tug a forelock and tell you what a wonderful soul you are.
Here you earn you rights mate, you don’t have them brought to you on a silver spoon by a couple of Corgi’s.
In fact, the more I think about it, are you not really Barnaby, but Prince Charles. I think we might have just solved it, Tuff.
And finally, well whoopy do, we love the environment do we Mr Barnaby. Hey, this might come as a bit of a shock to the old system my friend, but you’re not the only one.
I hope you were sitting down when you read that. Don’t want to give the old ticker a shock now, do we Charlie, I mean Barnaby.
And just what do you think of the architecture along Murray Street?
Rickpilkington
June 20, 2005 at 12:49
A Great piece of writing Barnaby. Keep em comin. I appreciate the effort people like yourself make in putting an article together. It takes courage to put yourself out there. Dont feel bad because you “Love the environment”. Of course going into bat for that inconvenient ‘other’, that distant realtion that we call the environment means you will cop a flogging at times. You dont need me to tell you that though.
cheers
rick
Dave Groves
June 20, 2005 at 14:29
Yes, I know I’ll cop a slagging for this from the minority, but really kids, enough is enough.
You lot who profess to have great concerns for the environment bla bla bla live in a state that would have to be the biggest shemozzle I have ever seen in my life.
What have you done about it?
3/5 of Mrs Adams by the look!
No I won’t go; this is my home and I intend to do my best to fix it.
I have no great education as those with the fancy words.
Half your stuff I don’t understand, but I know when you go too far.
It takes me a lot of time and effort to pen something. Not this one. Straight as I see it.
So as I see it. open your eyes, open your hearts and get positive. Don’t be so miserable to yourselves. You can do better than this, you are worth more than bullies. You know deep down you are.
You can use your words, skill and talent to help fix the blunders of recent times and make this a place that is good, not one that could be good.
So let’s get on with it, leave the bully stuff in the schoolyard and sort this lot out
nudger
June 22, 2005 at 03:18
Gerry Mander, absolutely brilliant … a fart joke. Let’s hope it was a Greenhouse friendly one:)
Already, we have got the deliciously enlivened writing Mr Barns is calling for.
How much better and funnier is this contribution than all the doom and gloom, democracy, the forests and everything else is dead here in Tasmania.
Linsday, we have done it, we have inspired them out of their asthete cells, their hair shirts, their Dunlop volleys, their beaten up old Datsuns, into something colourful and readable.
It took some doing, my friend but between us it has worked.
Now please, all you others out there, take Gerry Mander’s lead and write something that is witty (if a little wiffy, or shitty) while getting your point across.
Go on now Philllllll, Barnaby, et Al, whoever he or she is, you can do it.
Take a big breath and try really, really hard, you don’t have to bore us to death at all …
Tasmanian Times is alive and well, we may not need the page three gals after all. As all the best tabloids also know, when in doubt, go with a story on the Royals.
Brilliant stuff, Linz.
Leonard Colquhoun
June 22, 2005 at 07:31
A couple of responses re Barbaby Drake’s:
(i) when people refer to “Greek” democracy, they usually mean Athenian, especially in the 5th century BCE*, although other city-states had similar systems; resistance to and abhorence of democracy was just as “Greek”;
(ii) “Rome is a republic, and its senators are kings”** the Greek historian Polybius (c.205-c.123*** BCE)is often quoted as saying. The Roman republic (509 to 31 BCE) could hardly be termed “democratic”, any more than the Democratic Republic of [North] Korea is; yes, there were popular assemblies [three variations of them – don’t ask !]but they were neither representative nor democratic, if by that you mean ‘one vote, one value’. The comparison I used in teaching HSC Greek & Roman History in the Tasmanian and NSW syllabuses went like this: imagine that the Hobart City Council, elected at a meeting up on the Domain by the men of Hobart, so arranged that the wealthy get votes at ten times the rate for the poor, was the government of the whole of mainland Australia, NZ, PNG and the nearby SW Pacific islands, and that the inhabitants of these lands had no say in their central governance. That was the elected element Roman republican system – not, in much sense, a “democracy”. Nevertheless, as Polybius noted, in some amazement, the arrangement [two parts of which, the Senate and the consuls, I’ve omitted] worked for over three hundred years, a century longer than the workings of the checks and balances of the US system [the three-part separation of powers of which was in part modelled on Rome’s] and three times as long as our federal constitution [so far, of course].
Interestingly, Polybius notes that SPQR worked despite each of the elements being a bit dodgy and because, until 133 BCE, the governors and the governed accepted a situation where the whole was far greater than the sum of its parts, and that upsetting this balance even for a seeming good was full of risk – as was shown in the century 133-31 BCE. A similar cautionary principle was perhaps an element of the failure of the republican proposal in our Nov 99 Constitutional Referendum.
* BCE = Before the Common Era, dating terminology [with CE] which is less Euro- and Christo-centric than BC and AD.
** Can someone “out there” supply a source for this ? It’s not in my Oxford Dictionary of Quotations nor my Cassell’s History in Quotations, nor in my New Dictionary of Quotations (15th edition, John F Shaw and Co, 48, Paternoster Row, MDCCCLXXVII).
*** a fall from his horse caused his death – aged 82 !